Abu Ishaq Ibrahim ibn Muhammad al-Farisi al-Istakhri (آبو إسحاق إبراهيم بن محمد الفارسي الإصطخري) (also Estakhri, Persian: استخری, i.e. from the Iranian city of Istakhr, b. - d. 957 AD [346AH][1]) was a Persian medieval geographer in medieval Islam and traveler of the 10th century., Map of the Persian Gulf by Estakhri, 8-9thC